{"id":1493,"date":"2023-02-08T12:45:07","date_gmt":"2023-02-08T11:45:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/toitures-vegetales\/"},"modified":"2023-02-08T12:45:07","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T11:45:07","slug":"toitures-vegetales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/toitures-vegetales\/","title":{"rendered":"Toitures v\u00e9g\u00e9tales"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"p1\">Des de ben antic, l\u2019\u00e9sser hum\u00e0 ha fet servir all\u00f2 que tenia a l\u2019abast per construir cabanes i refugis. Ja sigui per resguardar-se de les inclem\u00e8ncies del temps o per aconseguir una habitaci\u00f3 m\u00e9s calenta, l\u2019\u00fas de pedres, branques i fulles han acabat esdevenint les parets, bigues i teulades d\u2019aquestes cabanes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9741\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9741\" style=\"width: 283px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9741\" src=\"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Rietdekken-_Van_links_naar_rechts-_spreiriet_dekriet_wilgetenen_en_wilgegaarden_-_Unknown_-_20355801_-_RCE-678x1024-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"427\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9741\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Feixos i teulades de <em>Thamnochortus spiciger<\/em><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\">Avui en dia continuem usant aquests materials en la construcci\u00f3 i tot i que les teules d\u2019argila o pissarra s\u00f3n les m\u00e9s emprades, seguim trobant construccions on el regne vegetal proveeix del material necessari per resguardar-nos de la pluja i el sol.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Volem presentar-vos en un inici l\u2019esp\u00e8cie <i>Thamnochortus spiciger<\/i> (Thunb.) Spreng. provinent de Sud \u00c0frica, concretament de l\u2019oest del cap de Bona Esperan\u00e7a. Les cases i cabanes tradicionals d\u2019aquesta zona s\u00f3n constru\u00efdes amb sostres de <i>Thamnochortus spiciger<\/i> (anomenada \u201colifantsriet\u201d o \u201cdekriet\u201d en afrikaans). Al Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic Marimurtra podreu trobar aquesta esp\u00e8cie al tercer jard\u00ed, just davant del penya-segat<span class=\"s1\">,<\/span> a la zona de la vegetaci\u00f3 del Fynbos.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">A casa nostra, tradicionalment tamb\u00e9 hem emprat altres esp\u00e8cies per construir teulades i cases, com seria el cas del cany\u00eds (<i>Phragmites australis<\/i>) en la construcci\u00f3 de les barraques dels camps d\u2019arr\u00f2s del Delta de l\u2019Ebre, o de la bruguerola (<i>Calluna vulgaris<\/i>) i diverses esp\u00e8cies de brucs (<i>Erica sp.<\/i>) en el cas de les cabanes i refugis de muntanya constru\u00efts arreu de la pen\u00ednsula Ib\u00e8rica.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9742\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9742\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9742\" src=\"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/3782197652_46478be824_b-300x200-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9742\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Teulada de cany\u00eds d\u2019una barraca al Delta de l\u2019Ebre<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>En visitar altres pa\u00efsos, trobem tamb\u00e9 l\u2019\u00fas d\u2019aquests materials en la construcci\u00f3 de teulades, com seria el cas dels Cottage anglesos on empren diferents plantes en la construcci\u00f3 de les teulades com cany\u00eds, boga (<i>Typha sp.<\/i>) o s\u00e8gol (<i>Secale cereale<\/i>) entre altres; les palmeres tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n molt usades com en el cas d\u2019<i>Arenga pinnata<\/i> de les Torres de Meru a Bali, o altres esp\u00e8cies de palmeres en construccions de Vietnam, Hawaii o Cuba.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9743\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9743\" style=\"width: 366px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9743\" src=\"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/5520038580_3f9966eb32_b-e1675856256922-300x253-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"366\" height=\"309\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9743\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\"> Cottage d\u2019anglaterra<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9745\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9745\" style=\"width: 387px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9745\" src=\"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/17057853821_993dbeaf0a_b-300x199-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"387\" height=\"257\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9745\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Teulades de fulles de palmera a les Torres de Meru<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\">Com a curiositat, acabem amb unes teulades curioses constru\u00efdes amb algues a l\u2019illa danesa de L\u00e6s\u00f8:<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9746\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9746\" style=\"width: 225px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-9746\" src=\"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/48023456192_37743590d8_b-225x300-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9746\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\">Casa amb la teulada d\u2019algues<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Des de ben antic, l\u2019\u00e9sser hum\u00e0 ha fet servir all\u00f2 que tenia a l\u2019abast per construir cabanes i refugis. Ja sigui per resguardar-se de les inclem\u00e8ncies del temps o per aconseguir una habitaci\u00f3 m\u00e9s calenta, l\u2019\u00fas de pedres, branques i fulles han acabat esdevenint les parets, bigues i teulades d\u2019aquestes cabanes. Avui en dia continuem [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1493"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1493\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marimurtra.cat\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}